有机反应（organic reaction）即涉及有机化合物的化学反应，是有机合成的基础。很多同学们对于有机反应的原理总是搞不清楚，今天A加未来小编特地为大家整理了这部分的一些常见的Alevel化学词汇概念，相信掌握好这些内容对于大家的成绩提升会非常有帮助。
 

 

　　01、Functional group

 

　　a group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of an organic compound.

 

　　02、Homolytic fission

 

　　the splitting of a covalent bond where each atom retains one electron from the bonding pair.

 

　　03、Heterolytic fission

 

　　the splitting of a covalent bond where one atom retains both electrons from the bonding pair.

 

　　04、Free radical

 

　　an uncharged molecule with an unpaired electron.

 

　　05、Initiation

 

　　an initial chemical reaction which triggers further reactions.

 

　　06、Propagation

 

　　a secondary reaction where there is no net gain or loss of free radicals.

 

　　07、Termination

 

　　the final step in a chain reaction where a reactive intermediate is rendered inactive.

 

　　08、Nucleophile

 

　　a molecule or substance that donates electrons.

 

　　09、Electrophile

 

　　a molecule or substance that acts as an electron pair acceptor.

 

　　10、Addition

 

　　a reaction where two or more molecules react to form a larger molecule.

 

　　11、Substitution

 

　　a reaction where an atom or group is replaced by another atom or group.

 

　　12、Elimination

 

　　a reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in a mechanism with one or two steps.

 

　　13、Hydrolysis

 

　　the splitting up of a compound or molecule using water.

 

　　14、Hydrolysis

 

　　the splitting up of a compound or molecule using water.

 

　　15、Condensation

 

　　the formation of a compound with the release of water.

 

　　16、Oxidation

 

　　the formation of a compound with the release of water.

 

　　17、Reduction

 

　　gain of electrons.

 

　　以上就是A加小编关于有机反应部分常见的Alevel化学词汇整理，相信掌握好这些词汇和概念会对大家理解有机反应原理起到很大的帮助。在Alevel课程学习中如果还有什么问题，可以随时联系我们的线上老师哦！